Selection of appropriate genetic markers to investigate kinship using DNA typing: A case report

  Introduction: Genetic identification is now a standard and efficient method for identifying individuals and investigating claimed kinship cases. Commercial kits based on autosomal STR and YSTR genetic markers are widely used for these investigations. Case Report: Two men were introduced by a judicial authority for genetic testing to identify and issue birth certificates for these individuals, claiming a kinship (uncle and nephew) among them and three other men with valid birth certificates. Genetic analysis of samples with YSTR markers indicated identical Y-STR haplotypes. After the issuance of identity cards for these two men, two other females were introduced to the laboratory for genetic testing to be issued a birth certificate, claiming an aunt-nephew relationship with the previous nominees. After drawing a complete family pedigree and genetic analysis of the nominees with 21 autosomal STR markers, dis-concordance shows in the four loci of the genetic profiles obtained. Therefore, it shows the rejection of the claimed kinship among the nominees. Conclusion: To study complex kinship cases, kits with 21 autosomal STR markers should be used and the use of YSTR markers should be limited to genetic testing of male specimens in rape evidence, crime scenes, and non-paternity cases.